Caliphate of Baghdad

The Caliphate of Baghdad, also known as the Abbasid Caliphate, was a major Islamic empire centered in Baghdad during the medieval period (750–1258 CE). It was a political and religious leader for Muslims, promoting learning, culture, and science, and overseeing a vast territory across the Middle East, North Africa, and beyond. Baghdad became a renowned cultural hub with the famous House of Wisdom. The caliphate played a crucial role in the development of Islamic civilization, economic trade, and arts before it was finally destroyed by Mongol invasions in the 13th century.