Calculation Theory

Calculation Theory, also known as Computability Theory, studies what it means for a function or problem to be computable. It explores the limits of what can be solved using algorithms or mechanical processes, categorizing problems into those that can be solved (decidable) and those that cannot (undecidable). Researchers use concepts like Turing machines to define and analyze the capabilities of computational processes. Essentially, it investigates how we can formally understand and classify tasks that computers and algorithms can perform, thereby laying the foundation for computer science and understanding the nature of computation itself.