Caesar

Caesar is a cipher, a simple method of encryption named after Julius Caesar, who reportedly used it. It works by shifting each letter in a message by a fixed number of places in the alphabet. For example, with a shift of 3, A becomes D, B becomes E, and so on. This transforms the original message (plaintext) into a coded message (ciphertext). To decode it, the recipient shifts the letters back by the same number. Caesar cipher is easy to understand and implement but offers limited security against more advanced cryptographic methods.