Cache Hierarchy

Cache hierarchy is a system in computers that speeds up data access by storing frequently used information in small, fast memory levels closer to the processor. Think of it like a series of increasingly quick and limited storage areas: the closest (L1) is very fast but small, the next (L2) slightly larger but still quick, and the last (L3) bigger but slower. When the processor needs data, it checks these caches first before reaching out to slower main memory. This setup reduces wait times and improves overall computer performance.