C4 Plant Pathway

The C4 pathway is a special process some plants use to efficiently convert sunlight and carbon dioxide into energy, especially in hot, sunny environments. Unlike regular plants, C4 plants initially fix carbon dioxide into a four-carbon compound in specialized cells, which helps minimize water loss and avoid wasteful reactions. This adaptation allows them to photosynthesize more efficiently under high temperatures and intense light conditions. Examples include corn and sugarcane. Overall, the C4 pathway enhances the plant’s ability to produce food while conserving water and thriving in challenging climates.