Buoyancy Theory

Buoyancy theory explains why objects float or sink in a fluid (liquid or gas). It states that an object experiences an upward force called buoyant force, equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. If the object's density is less than the fluid's, it displaces enough fluid to generate a buoyant force greater than its weight, causing it to float. Conversely, if it’s denser, it sinks. This principle is fundamental in understanding how ships float, hot air balloons rise, and how objects behave in fluids.