Bump Mapping

Bump mapping is a computer graphics technique used to add detail and texture to surfaces without changing their shape. It works by simulating small bumps, dents, or wrinkles on an object's surface through altering how light interacts with it, creating the illusion of complexity. Essentially, it uses a texture map to modify surface shading, making flat surfaces appear more detailed and realistic. This process enhances visual richness efficiently, as the actual geometry remains unchanged, allowing for more detailed visuals without increased computational costs.