Building orientation

Building orientation refers to how a structure is positioned relative to the cardinal directions—north, south, east, and west. Proper orientation takes advantage of natural sunlight, prevailing winds, and climate patterns to enhance energy efficiency and comfort. For example, placing windows and living spaces to face the sun can maximize natural light and warmth during winter, while shading or positioning other areas to avoid excessive heat in summer. Thoughtful orientation can reduce reliance on artificial heating and cooling, lower energy costs, and improve overall indoor comfort while considering local environmental conditions.