buffering agent

A buffering agent, also called a buffer, is a substance that helps maintain a stable pH level in a solution. It works by neutralizing excess acids or bases, preventing large changes in acidity or alkalinity. This is important in many biological and chemical processes, where maintaining a consistent pH is crucial for proper function. For example, in the human body, blood contains buffering agents to keep pH around 7.4, ensuring enzymes and other processes work correctly. Buffers are commonly found in biological systems, industrial applications, and household products to stabilize pH.