Buddhist Cosmology

Buddhist cosmology describes a vast, interconnected universe composed of multiple realms or planes of existence, where beings are born according to their karma. These realms include various heavens, hells, humans, and other spirits, forming an endless cycle called samsara. This cyclical process is driven by desire, attachment, and ignorance, which sustains suffering. The ultimate goal in Buddhism is to attain enlightenment (nirvana), breaking free from this cycle. While cosmic details vary across traditions, the core idea emphasizes understanding the nature of existence, the impermanence of phenomena, and cultivating wisdom to transcend suffering.