Buckling

Buckling is a sudden failure mode where a structural element, like a column or a thin sheet, drastically deforms or bends under stress, typically compressive forces. Instead of gradually collapsing, the structure unexpectedly snaps into a bent or twisted shape because the load exceeds its ability to withstand it in a straight line. This phenomenon often occurs in slender, long components and can lead to structural failure if not properly designed for. Understanding buckling is essential for engineers to ensure buildings, bridges, and other structures remain safe under various loads.