Brunel's original design

Brunel's original design for the Thames tunnel involved constructing a covered tunnel beneath the River Thames to connect Rotherhithe and Wapping. He envisioned a circular, brick-lined tunnel built using a pioneering tunnel boring method, where workers excavated from within a circular brick space supported by rings. The tunnel would be sealed and supported as it advanced, allowing for safe passage of pedestrians and eventually trains. Though his initial attempt faced challenges and delays, this design laid the groundwork for future subway systems, showcasing innovative engineering that balanced safety, functionality, and practicality for crossing beneath a major river.