broaden-and-build theory

The broaden-and-build theory, proposed by psychologist Barbara Fredrickson, suggests that positive emotions like joy, gratitude, or hope expand our thinking and actions, allowing us to see more options and connect with others. Over time, these broadened experiences help us build personal resources—like resilience, skills, and relationships—that contribute to our overall well-being. In contrast, negative emotions tend to narrow our focus and restrict our perspective. This theory highlights how experiencing positive emotions regularly can promote personal growth and emotional health, creating a cycle that supports a more fulfilling and resilient life.