British colonial rule in India

British colonial rule in India lasted from the 17th century until 1947, transforming India into an economic and political colony. The British established control through trade, military power, and administrative institutions, prioritizing their interests often at the expense of local industries and societies. They introduced modern infrastructure, legal systems, and education, but also exploited resources, imposed taxes, and marginalized local culture. The rule created economic dependency, social divisions, and sparked independence movements. Ultimately, India gained independence in 1947, ending nearly 200 years of British colonial dominance.