Brinell hardness test

The Brinell hardness test measures a material's resistance to indentation. It uses a hard steel or tungsten carbide ball pressed into the surface under a specific load for a set time. The size of the resulting indentation is measured under a microscope, and the Brinell Hardness Number (BHN) is calculated by dividing the load by the surface area of the indentation. This test is useful for assessing the hardness of rough or uneven surfaces and thicker materials, providing a consistent way to compare different materials' strength and durability.