breakwater design

Breakwater design involves constructing structures, usually made of rocks, concrete, or other durable materials, to protect coastlines, harbors, or beaches from the force of waves and storm surges. These barriers absorb and deflect wave energy, reducing erosion and creating calmer waters for boats and ships. Effective design considers wave height, direction, water depth, and local conditions to ensure stability and durability. Engineers aim for a balance between effectiveness in wave reduction and environmental impact, often incorporating shapes and materials that minimize costs while maximizing protection. Properly designed breakwaters enhance safety and preserve coastal ecosystems.