bovine immunology

Bovine immunology studies how cows’ immune systems defend against infections and diseases. Cows produce specialized cells and antibodies that identify and neutralize pathogens like bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Their immune response involves both innate defenses, which act quickly, and adaptive defenses, which develop specific protection over time. Understanding bovine immunology helps improve vaccines, manage herd health, and reduce disease transmission, ultimately ensuring healthier cows and safer dairy and meat products. It’s a vital field for maintaining productivity and animal welfare in the livestock industry.