boundary layer dynamics

Boundary layer dynamics refer to how air or fluid moves close to a surface, like the ground or a wing. In this thin region, the fluid's flow changes from being stationary (or moving slowly) at the surface due to friction, to faster as it moves away from the surface. This layer influences how heat, moisture, and momentum transfer between the surface and the atmosphere or fluid. Understanding these dynamics helps explain weather patterns, aircraft lift, and how pollutants disperse, as the behavior of this layer affects overall flow and energy exchange near surfaces.