bound states

Bound states are conditions where particles, such as electrons and atomic nuclei, are held together tightly enough to form a stable system, like an atom or molecule. In these states, the particles are confined within a certain region due to attractive forces, resulting in specific energy levels. The particles can't escape unless they gain enough energy to break free. This is similar to how planets orbit the sun, kept in their paths by gravity. Bound states are fundamental in understanding the structure of matter and how particles interact to create stable physical systems.