Born-von Karman Model

The Born-von Kármán model is a way physicists understand vibrations in crystals, which are materials made of tightly packed atoms. It treats atoms as particles connected by springs, allowing them to vibrate collectively. This model considers the atoms arranged in a regular repeating pattern and uses mathematical equations to describe how these vibrations (phonons) spread through the crystal. It helps scientists predict properties like thermal conductivity and how materials respond to heat or sound, providing a fundamental understanding of the material’s microscopic behavior as a whole.