bone modification

Bone modification refers to the ways in which humans or animals intentionally alter bones after death, often by ancient peoples. This can include straightening, shaping, or removing parts of bones for practical, ritualistic, or artistic reasons. Techniques might involve cutting, grinding, or polishing bones. Such modifications can reveal cultural practices, beliefs, or social status of past groups. Additionally, some modifications occur naturally over time due to environmental factors or decomposition. Understanding bone modification helps archaeologists and anthropologists learn about historical behaviors, rituals, and the relationships between people and their surroundings.