Boltzmann's principle

Boltzmann's principle states that the probability of a system being in a specific state is proportional to the number of ways that state can occur, known as its microstates. More simply, states with many possible configurations are more likely to happen, which explains why systems tend to move toward disorder or high-entropy states. This principle bridges microscopic details with macroscopic behavior, showing that nature favors arrangements with the greatest number of possible configurations, providing a fundamental basis for understanding thermodynamics and the second law of thermodynamics.