Boltzmann's equation

Boltzmann's equation describes how molecules in a gas are distributed across different energy levels at a specific temperature. It explains that more molecules tend to be in lower energy states, but some have higher energies, with the proportion depending on the temperature. Essentially, it provides a mathematical way to predict how particles share energy in a system, helping us understand processes like chemical reactions, heat transfer, and the behavior of gases. This equation links microscopic particle energy to the macroscopic properties of matter, like temperature and pressure.