Boer Republics

The Boer Republics were two independent South African states established by Boer settlers of Dutch descent in the 19th century: the South African Republic (Transvaal) and the Orange Free State. These republics were governed by Afrikaans-speaking farmers and sought self-rule amid British expansion. Their economies were mainly based on agriculture and mineral wealth, especially gold and diamonds. The British aimed to control these territories, leading to conflicts like the Anglo-Boer War (1899-1902). Ultimately, the Boer Republics were incorporated into the Union of South Africa in 1910, shaping the region's political and cultural landscape.