Biophysical properties of magnetic bacteria

Magnetic bacteria contain tiny magnetic particles called magnetosomes that act like biological compass needles, aligning with Earth's magnetic field. These particles, made of minerals like magnetite, enable the bacteria to sense direction and navigate through their environment. The properties of these magnetosomes—such as their size, shape, and magnetic strength—are precisely controlled by the bacteria, allowing efficient movement along magnetic lines. This biophysical system helps bacteria locate optimal habitats, find food, and avoid danger. Overall, magnetic bacteria have unique properties that combine biological structures with magnetic physics, enabling them to respond to magnetic cues in their surroundings.