biological assessment methods

Biological assessment methods evaluate the health of an environment, especially water bodies, by examining the plants, animals, and microorganisms living there. These methods involve studying the diversity, presence, and abundance of certain species that are sensitive or tolerant to pollution. A healthy ecosystem shows a balanced variety of native species, while imbalance or pollution can reduce this diversity. By analyzing these biological indicators, scientists can determine water quality, identify pollution sources, and assess overall environmental conditions, providing a more comprehensive picture than chemical tests alone.