Biochemical signaling pathways

Biochemical signaling pathways are the complex processes cells use to communicate and coordinate actions. When a signaling molecule, like a hormone or neurotransmitter, binds to a cell’s receptor, it triggers a series of internal reactions called a pathway. These reactions often involve activating or turning on proteins, which then pass messages along, ultimately influencing how the cell behaves—such as growing, dividing, or responding to its environment. These pathways are essential for maintaining health and responding to changes, coordinating biological functions at the cellular level.