Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) measures the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by microorganisms to break down organic matter in water over a specific period, usually five days. It indicates the water’s level of pollution from organic waste, such as sewage or runoff. High BOD values suggest there is a lot of organic material, which can deplete oxygen levels, harming aquatic life. Conversely, low BOD indicates cleaner water with less organic pollution. Monitoring BOD helps assess water quality and the effectiveness of wastewater treatment processes, ensuring ecosystems remain healthy and safe for human use.