Bertha Pappenheim

Bertha Pappenheim (1859–1936) was an Austrian-Jewish social reformer, novelist, and activist known for her work advocating for women and children’s rights. She founded organizations to support victims of abuse and helped improve social services. Later in life, she also worked as a psychoanalyst, contributing to mental health understanding. Pappenheim combined her humanitarian efforts with literary achievements, writing under the pseudonym “Anna O.” Her legacy includes advancing social justice and mental health awareness, making her a significant figure in both feminism and early psychoanalysis.