Benner's Novice to Expert Model

Benner's Novice to Expert Model describes how healthcare professionals develop their skills over time. It outlines five stages: novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert. In the novice stage, individuals have limited experience and rely on rules. As they gain practice, they become advanced beginners, recognizing patterns. With more experience, they become competent, able to plan and prioritize. Proficient practitioners see situations holistically, and experts operate intuitively with deep understanding. Overall, the model highlights the growth of clinical judgment and skill as professionals experience and learn in their practice.