Benign Violation Theory

Benign Violation Theory explains humor as occurring when something is simultaneously perceived as a violation or breaking a norm, but also seen as harmless or acceptable. For humor to happen, the situation must be viewed as a mistake or rule-breaking (violation), but also as non-threatening or tolerable (benign). When both conditions are met, people find the situation funny because it creates a playful tension—acknowledging the violation without real harm. This balance helps us laugh at edgy or risky topics without feeling threatened.