Bench decisions

Bench decisions are rulings made by a judge during a court case without a jury, based solely on the judge’s evaluation of the evidence and legal arguments presented. These decisions can involve various aspects of a case, such as dismissing claims, granting motions, or even deciding the outcome if a trial is waived. Essentially, “bench decision” refers to the judge’s authority to make binding rulings independently, serving as the "bench" or seat where the judge presides, unlike jury decisions which involve a group of ordinary citizens.