Belnap-Dunn logic

Belnap-Dunn logic is a type of non-classical logic that handles situations where information may be incomplete, inconsistent, or both. Unlike traditional logic, which considers statements either true or false, this logic allows for four possibilities: a statement can be true, false, both (paradoxical), or neither (unknown). It models reasoning in contexts like computer science, where data might be contradictory or partial, enabling systems to process such information without collapsing into errors. Essentially, it provides a flexible framework for reasoning when information isn't perfect or fully reliable.