behavioral economics of smoking

Behavioral economics explains smoking behavior by highlighting how cognitive biases and emotions influence decisions. Smokers often underestimate health risks due to optimism bias or prefer immediate gratification from smoking’s calming effects, despite long-term harms. Habits, social factors, and addiction create mental shortcuts, making it difficult to quit. Additionally, present bias leads individuals to prioritize short-term pleasures over future health, while cues or stress trigger cravings. Understanding these psychological influences helps design more effective interventions by addressing not just the health risks but also the habits and emotions that keep people smoking.