BB84

BB84 is a method for secure communication using quantum mechanics. It involves transmitting particles like photons that encode bits of data in their properties, such as polarization. Because observing these particles in the wrong way disturbs them, any eavesdropper trying to intercept the message will cause detectable changes, alerting the sender and receiver to potential security breaches. This protocol allows two parties to generate a shared, secret encryption key with guaranteed security based on the principles of quantum physics, making it highly resistant to hacking attempts.