Battle of Philippi

The Battle of Philippi, fought in 42 BCE in Macedonia, was a significant clash between the forces of the assassins of Julius Caesar—Brutus and Cassius—and the armies of the Second Triumvirate (Octavian, Antony, and Lepidus). The triumvirs aimed to restore order and punish Caesar's killers. The battle consisted of two main engagements, ending with the defeat of Brutus and Cassius. Their defeat marked the decisive consolidation of power by the triumvirs, shaping the future Roman Empire. It was a pivotal moment that led to the eventual rise of Augustus as Rome’s first emperor.