Basic Law (Germany)

The Basic Law (Grundgesetz) is Germany’s constitution, establishing fundamental rights, the structure of government, and the rule of law. Adopted in 1949, it defines Germany as a democratic, federal republic with separation of powers among the executive, legislature, and judiciary. It guarantees individual rights like freedom of speech, equality, and human dignity. The Basic Law also sets principles for peaceful cooperation between states and ensures democratic processes. It serves as the supreme legal framework, guiding all legislation and government actions, and can only be amended with broad consensus to protect fundamental rights and democratic order.