Base-2 (binary)

Base-2, or binary, is a number system that uses only two digits: 0 and 1. Unlike the decimal system, which uses ten digits (0-9), binary is fundamental to how computers process information because digital circuits can easily distinguish between two states, like off and on. Each binary digit, or bit, represents a power of two, and by combining bits, computers encode all types of data, from numbers to text. Think of binary as a simple language that allows machines to perform complex operations efficiently using just two symbols.