Bartlett's schema theory

Bartlett's schema theory suggests that our brains interpret new information by relating it to existing knowledge or mental frameworks called schemas. These schemas help us make sense of the world efficiently by filling in gaps and organizing information based on past experiences. When we encounter unfamiliar or complex information, our minds adapt it to fit these schemas, which can sometimes lead to distortions or inaccuracies. Essentially, schemas act as mental categories that guide perception, understanding, and memory, allowing us to process information more swiftly and effectively by connecting it to what we already know.