Baron and Kenny method

The Baron and Kenny method is a way researchers test if one variable influences another through a third, called a mediator. First, they show that the main variable affects the outcome. Then, they check if the main variable affects the mediator. Next, they see if the mediator affects the outcome when considering the main variable. Finally, if the effect of the main variable on the outcome lessens when including the mediator, it suggests mediation. This approach helps identify whether an unobserved process explains how or why one variable impacts another.