Barkhausen effect

The Barkhausen effect occurs when the magnetic domains inside a ferromagnetic material, like iron, change their orientation in discrete steps as an external magnetic field is gradually applied or removed. These sudden changes produce tiny, audible jumps or pulses known as Barkhausen noise. Essentially, the effect reveals how magnetic materials respond to changing magnetic fields at a microscopic level, highlighting the irregular movement of magnetic domains that switch alignment in sudden bursts rather than smooth transitions. This phenomenon helps scientists understand the material's internal structure and magnetic properties.