Bait al-Mal (Bait al-Mal of the Ottoman Empire)

Bait al-Mal was the state treasury of the Ottoman Empire, serving as the central financial institution responsible for managing public funds. It collected revenues from taxes, land, and trade, and allocated resources for government expenses, military needs, and public projects. The institution also oversaw charitable giving and ensured financial stability within the empire. Essentially, Bait al-Mal functioned as the government's cash reserve and financial manager, helping to maintain economic order and support the administration’s functions across the extensive Ottoman territory.