Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Complex

The Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Complex (BMAC) was a Bronze Age civilization that thrived around 2000–1500 BCE in Central Asia, covering parts of modern-day Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Iran, and Uzbekistan. It was known for its impressive fortified cities, advanced craftsmanship, and a distinct culture that included elaborate jewelry, pottery, and burial practices. BMAC was a key trading hub connecting the civilizations of Mesopotamia, India, and Central Asia. Its people played an important role in the development of early complex societies in the region, contributing to technological innovations and cultural exchanges across a broad area.