Backwater Effect

The backwater effect occurs when a downstream water body, like a river or estuary, experiences a rise in water levels that causes upstream water to back up and slow down. This often happens when a dam, floodgate, or natural obstruction impedes free flow, leading to increased water levels upstream. As a result, water may spread out over floodplains, inundate low-lying areas, or increase the risk of flooding. Essentially, it’s the phenomenon where downstream restrictions cause water to accumulate upstream, impacting water movement and levels in the river system.