Babylonia (ancient region)

Babylonia was an ancient region in southern Mesopotamia, roughly modern-day Iraq, centered around the city of Babylon. It was a major civilization from around 1894 BCE to 539 BCE, known for advances in law, science, and architecture. Babylonia played a crucial role in the development of writing systems, mathematics (like early algebra), and astronomy. The famous Code of Hammurabi, one of the earliest legal codes, originated there. Its influence declined after conquest by Persians in the 6th century BCE. Babylonia's legacy includes contributions to law, governance, and cultural achievements that shaped later civilizations.