B&B Algorithm

The Branch and Bound (B&B) algorithm is a method for solving complex optimization problems by systematically exploring possible solutions. It works by dividing the problem into smaller parts (branching), estimating the best possible outcome for each part (bounding), and eliminating options that cannot improve upon the current best solution. This process prunes large portions of the search space, making it more efficient. B&B is commonly used for problems like scheduling, routing, and combinatorial optimization, helping find the optimal solution faster by intelligently narrowing down the possibilities.