Azo dye degradation

Azo dye degradation involves breaking down complex synthetic dyes containing azo bonds (nitrogen double bonds) into simpler, less harmful substances. This process is often achieved using biological methods, such as specialized bacteria or fungi that produce enzymes capable of cleaving these bonds. Once broken, the dyes lose their vibrant color and toxicity, rendering them safer for the environment. This biodegradation helps reduce pollution from textile and dyeing industries, making wastewater treatment more effective, eco-friendly, and sustainable.