azidothymidine (AZT)

Azidothymidine, commonly known as AZT, is an antiretroviral medication used to treat HIV/AIDS. It works by blocking an enzyme that the virus needs to replicate its genetic material, thereby slowing the progression of the infection. AZT is typically part of combination therapy to reduce the virus's ability to develop resistance. It was one of the first drugs approved for HIV treatment and has significantly improved longevity and quality of life for those living with the virus. While effective, it can cause side effects, so it is used under medical supervision.