Axonal Injury

Axonal injury occurs when the long fibers called axons, which carry signals between nerve cells, are damaged due to trauma or injury. This can disrupt communication within the nervous system, affecting movement, sensation, or cognition depending on the affected area. The injury may involve stretching, tearing, or swelling of the axons, sometimes leading to their degeneration. Axonal damage is common in traumatic brain injuries and can range from mild, with temporary symptoms, to severe, causing long-term neurological problems. Recovery depends on the extent of damage, but some nerve fibers may regenerate or rewire over time.