Avogadro (Amedeo Avogadro)

Amedeo Avogadro was an Italian scientist best known for formulating Avogadro's Law in 1811. This law states that equal volumes of gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain the same number of molecules. As a result, he introduced a fundamental constant, now called Avogadro's number, which is approximately 6.022 × 10²³. This number represents the quantity of particles—atoms, molecules, or ions—in one mole of a substance. Avogadro's work helped scientists understand the relationship between the amount of substance and its molecular composition, forming a key foundation in chemistry.